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"  dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.(  dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.( "D dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.  X   hnamd` Arial&Monotype Typography     hnamd` Arial&Monotype Typography     hnamd` Arial&Monotype Typography     hnamd` Arial&Monotype Typography   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.  ( dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.  H dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.  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T dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.     dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.  #8 dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp.   dnamd\ Comic Sans MS Microsoft Corp. ? %:How do peers affect learning?<Tamise Ironstrack Jennene Minera Stephanie McKay Amanda Klee:= ! #Group Socialization Theory (Harris)($   The process by which an infant becomes an acceptable member of his or her society -- one who behaves appropriately, knows the language, possesses the requisite skills, and holds the prevailing beliefs and attitudes. $R!%The Basic Phenomena of Group BehavioruIn-group favoritism Out-group hostility Between-group contrast Within-group assimilation Within-group differentiationNv"  "Categorization Age Sex Race< "  $Within-Group ProcessesAssimilation Temperament and group behavioral norms  Peer pressure Differentiation Status hierarchies Social Comparisonfy"  '  &_Effects that increase individual differences in personality among children in Western Societies``Major effects: Between-group contrasts Within-group differences in status Within-group social comparisons Minor effects: Within-family differences in status Within-family social comparisons and contrasts%[" " S"  #  S,# Gender,Same-gendered groups Mixed-gendered groups t, C C C  C  C A9Critical QuestionWhich type of peer groups are more effective& Mixed-gendered groups? Same-gendered groups? V.ZZ/Z. ;UEffects of gender in peer collaborative problem solving in an eighth grade classroom <VTEEStudents were given the opportunity to choose their own groups Students primarily chose to work with students of the same gender, mostly friends dZZZ?AQAA  <Results < EEIProblems that arose in completing the tasks decreased over time Social problems were less prominent in peer groups of females than with groups of males More effective work was done when the students chose to work with peers of the same gender Many times teachers fear same-gendered groups because of disruptions and time off taskZWZ?CCWC C ZCCWC=Piaget *EPerspective that with positive relationships in a group there will be lesser conflict. Thus, performance of collaborative tasks will be more positive >AAA> Early on in a child s life, their peer interactions tend to be characterized in same-gendered groups Trend continues throughout childhood eZZ%ZZZAAPA  $AA ?Group Socialization Theory *EChildren spend a lot of time playing together in same-gendered groups Socialization does occur Explains why children tend to flock toward same gender peer groups in school `ZMZZZFCCC C LCCEh@ Interaction within groups ,EEBoys tend to participate in more active-forceful activities in larger groups, away from adults Girls were more likely to play in small, dyadic groups, near adults Drawback--stereotypical gender roles within these same-gendered groups Less prominent when the groups are mixed-gendered Z2ZZ^CCCC C FCC1CC  A! Attainment , EE~Girls tend to take school more seriously than boys do Until about the age of sixteen Equally likely to become high attainers 6(6AAA A 'AAB"Mixed-gendered groups ,EEDWhen the activities within collaborative groups are less structured VD)AAA A /' Ethnicity,African Americans Mexican Americans AsiansN-q ,(Critical Questions<How do students from different ethnic groups contribute to each other s learning? How do peer aspirations for academic achievement differ along racial lines?BRLSK)African AmericanrMore Black peers leads to lower academic achievement especially for high ability students This can be attributed to  acting white  Acting white theory doesn t work for all peer groups8Z)6  /*Students of Mexican OriginbPeers are most influential in the groups of students with low familial births in the United States, H7Students of Chinese origin{Chinese peer groups are formed with academic performance as a main factor High achieving students have higher social status&|J18Aspirations of peersHispanic - lowest aspirations for peers African American - low aspirations Asian - high aspirations for peers All aspirations have similar effects on students do2($$0  >/VAbility3 Gifted Learners Typical Learner Learning Disabled 43$#Critical QuestionsHow do students with different ability levels tend to group themselves? How can professional educators group these students in their classrooms so that all students benefit?@ZHAAeA  Gf"Students tend to& >Gravitate towards others of similar ability in peer situations??A 2Motivation Learners Must& ( Pay attention Be able to retain the modeled behavior Be able to physically reproduce what has been modeled Must be motivated to demonstrate what they have learned$ZA  Learning disabled may believe they are  physically unable to reproduce what they see being modeled in gifted learners. Intern this may cause students who struggle to group themselves together. |xK'CC C C C  Gifted students tend to be extremely competitive, thus gravitating towards one another in social situations because of common motivation. Many gifted students prefer individualized learning to cooperative learning, because they have a desire to be viewed as intellectually above others.DZZZCC.Most Beneficial to All& Although some students may prefer individual or cooperative learning over the other, all students actually achieve higher and have greater gains in heterogeneous cooperative learning situations (Schniedewind, Davidson, 2000)6AC C  The KeyThe key lies in engaging students in tasks with different levels of complexity. In this model  every student learns something that he or she doesn t already know; all students contribute to a common goal (Schniedewind, Davidson, 2000). PZZZZaCC3C C 8CCCC  C  $C$(C(,C,  High Ability BenefitsMust explain concepts that they are attempting to master. Challenged to think about why a concept works and how to explain it, rather than simply figuring it out and moving on. Teachers understand this. &ZAA>9v Low Ability BenefitsObserve thought processes that are different from their own. Many times these lower-level students need a very concrete model of how to think or accomplish a task, when higher-level students are able to be that model, lower level students achieve higher. n=ZZZZC3CC   Not all about academicsNot only do students of high ability make academic gains they also learn to Think critically Encourage others Critique others Express themselves (Schniedewind, Davidson, 2000). LgLCECC   6f+  A Well-Rounded Education#More academic gains may be seen in lower ability students does not mean that heterogeneous grouping is detrimental to students of high ability. 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      #   ! 2% D+E+5 &> &> &/!M #\WM #Y}T^#W{Q !bb !cb !^|^ %}||xyww}}ytz|qrutqntpmpploqjkhlhiehfjhgz|}y}~yuvt|tzzxvxynnqpnkqmjmmhjmfgdhdeadbfdc}~~|z}|{{yzyvxy{qstptuplmkskqqnkotjmpoiflhehhfilefcfcc`cadba ՜.+,0     On-screen Showo Amanda Kleer#" ,ArialMS PゴシックComic Sans MSMonotype SortsTimes ChalkboardTimes New Roman Wingdings ChalkboardHow do peers affect learning?$Group Socialization Theory (Harris)&The Basic Phenomena of Group BehaviorCategorizationWithin-Group Processes`Effects that increase individual differences in personality among children in Western SocietiesGenderCritical QuestionVEffects of gender in peer collaborative problem solving in an eighth grade classroom Results Piaget PowerPoint PresentationGroup Socialization Theory Interaction within groups Attainment Mixed-gendered groups EthnicityCritical QuestionsAfrican AmericanStudents of Mexican OriginStudents of Chinese originAspirations of peersAbilityCritical QuestionsStudents tend to…Motivation Learners Must…PowerPoint PresentationPowerPoint PresentationMost Beneficial to All…The KeyHigh Ability BenefitsLow Ability BenefitsNot all about academicsA Well-Rounded Education Conclusion  Fonts UsedDesign Template Slide Titles##_G "BAmanda KleeAmanda Klee