APA/PFF Poster Session

January 31, 3p.m., 103 Benton Hall, Miami University

Purpose:
The undergraduate poster session showcases research conducted on any of the campuses involved with the tri-state APA/PFF program, including College of Mount St. Joseph, Earlham College, Miami University-Hamilton, Miami University-Middletown, Miami University-Oxford, and Northern Kentucky University.  For more information about goals of the program, specific activities for our program, or contact information for current PFF Scholars, Faculty or Institutions, please visit Miami's APA/PFF Web Site.

Presenters
Carolina Castaño, College of Mount St. Joseph
The Role of Gender and Body Image in One's Degree of Comfort with a Marriage Partner Looking at One's Body.
A study of 89 females and 56 males found that females had a less positive body image than males, and that individuals with a less positive body image reported a lower degree of comfort with at least partial nudity in front of a marriage partner.

Amber C. Christ, Earlham College
Explanation Based Decision-Making and Expert Testimony: How Jurors Make Decisions.
The theory of explanation based decision-making states that when given a list of evidence, an individual will create a story to make a decision about the evidence and will be more likely to recognize statements that support his or her decision.  With this theory in mind, the present study examined the effects of expert testimony on juror decision-making.

Christine Fawcett, Miami University-Oxford
Play and Literacy: a study of common underlying cognitive processes in children
I studied the relationship between two aspects of play (measured with pretense tasks) and literacy in preschool children.  I looked at phonological awareness’ relationship to comprehension of gestures; as well as story narration skills’ relationship to understanding the mental component of pretense.

Rebecca Foltz and Twila Strasinger, Northern Kentucky University
Social Facilitation of Food Foraging in Pigeons: Activating Ecologically Relevant Behavior in a Laboratory Setting
Contrary to Zajonc's social facilitation theory, hungry pigeons key-peck less, not more, in the presence of a conspecific relative to conspecific-absence controls. The inhibition results from elicitation of social appeasement and defensive behaviors (begging and blocking the food tray) during signals of impending food.

Virginia Kelly, College of Mount St. Joseph
The Effects of Criminal Record and Gender on Hiring
This study explores the effects of criminal record and gender on hiring.  This study employed a two (criminal record: parking ticket or assault) by two (gender: male or female) design.  These variables were tested by survey report by Introduction to Psychology students.

Nathan Lee, Northern Kentucky University
The other-race-effect: The influence of prior life experience with African Americans on picture recognition memory of African American and Caucasian faces in Caucasian men and women participants
The other-race-effect refers to the finding that recognition memory is better for faces of one's own race relative to a different race. In contrast to prior research, I found that  the bias is actually augmented, rather than attenuated, by prior interaction with individuals of the other race.

Heather Re, College of Mount St. Joseph
Differences in Motivation, Academic Delay of Gratification, and Academic Achievement Between Traditional and Nontraditional Undergraduate Students.
The purpose of this study is to determine the differences in motivation, academic delay of gratification, and academic achievement between traditional and nontraditional students.  I hypothesized that nontraditional undergraduates would display higher motivation levels, more academic delay of gratification, and would achieve a higher GPA than traditional students.

Charles R. Seger, Northern Kentucky University, David Silvera, University of Tromso; and Douglas Krull, Northern Kentucky University
Look at That Enhancement! Within and Between Trait Self-Enhancement Biases.
Previous research has shown the strength of self-enhancement biases.  However, most of this research has ignored within-trait self-enhancement biases. This study replicated previous findings regarding between-trait self-enhancement biases, and evidence was found for within-trait biases, especially for ambiguous traits.  Implications are discussed.

Jennifer A. Slezak, Earlham College.
The Role of the Visuo-Spatial Sketch Pad in Mental Arithmetic
The present study investigated the role of the visuo-spatial sketch pad subsystem of working memory in performing mental arithmetic.  Participants mentally summed strings of two-digit numbers while performing a primarily visual or a primarily spatial task.  The data give support for the involvement of the visuo-spatial sketch pad in mental arithmetic.  Additionally, mean scores from the visual and the spatial conditions differed significantly, indicating that perhaps the visuo-spatial sketch pad is composed of two separate systems.

Allen Thomas, Northern Kentucky University
Attitudes of Students and Faculty Regarding Publication of Instructor Evaluations
This study compares attitudes of college students and instructors about publishing instructor/course evaluations on the internet and/or in a campus circular.  Instructors opposed publication and students  favored publication for precisely the same reason: To identify difficult courses and avoid them.

Deborah Uchtman, College of Mount St. Joseph
Role of Type of Reprimand and Gender in Perceptions of Managers
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of type of reprimand and gender in the perception of managers.  Specifically, to determine whether people perceive disciplinary action taken by female managers as being more aggressive than disciplinary action taken by male managers.

Sarah Vogel and Susan Trauth, Northern Kentucky University
Attitudes of College Students about Teaching Evolutionary Theory
We will report undergraduate students' views on  whether creationism and evolution explanations should be taught with equal time in college courses, whether it is immoral to teach evolution, and whether careers in the bio-behavioral sciences would be closed to students who are not well schooled in evolutionary theory.
 


Participating Institutions:
College of Mount St. Joseph
Earlham College
Miami University-Hamilton
Miami University-Middletown
Miami University-Oxford
Northern Kentucky University

Department of Psychology
Miami University
Oxford, OH 45056
513.529.2400